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The service performance for colored asphalt pavement is inevitably affected by the addition of different colorants, especially the challenge of low temperature environment in cold regions. Therefore, the purpose of study is to explore the effects of different colorants on the service performance for colored asphalt pavement and to provide a foundation for improving the applicability of colored asphalt pavement in cold regions.

In the study, three kinds of colorants (iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, iron oxide green) were used to compare the influence of different colorants amounts and different colorants kinds on the service performance for colored asphalt pavement in cold regions. According to the characteristics of low temperature in cold regions, the effects of different colorants on the low temperature performance for colored asphalt pavement were studied.

The study shows that different colorants have different effects on the service performance of colored asphalt pavement. The high temperature performance increases with the increase of the colorants amount, but the low temperature performance is opposite. Additionally, the yellow colored asphalt pavement has more advantages of low temperature adaptation than the red and green colored asphalt pavement.

The study results provide a certain theoretical foundation for the application of colored asphalt pavement in cold regions and have certain value and significance for the further development of colored asphalt pavement.

Since many global path planning algorithms cannot achieve the planned path with both safety and economy, this study aims to propose a path planning method for unmanned vehicles with a controllable distance from obstacles.

First, combining satellite image and the Voronoi field algorithm (VFA) generates rasterized environmental information and establishes navigation area boundary. Second, establishing a hazard function associated with navigation area boundary improves the evaluation function of the A^* algorithm and uses the improved A^* algorithm for global path planning. Finally, to reduce the number of redundant nodes in the planned path and smooth the path, node optimization and gradient descent method (GDM) are used. Then, a continuous smooth path that meets the actual navigation requirements of unmanned vehicle is obtained.

The simulation experiment proved that the proposed global path planning method can realize the control of the distance between the planned path and the obstacle by setting different navigation area boundaries. The node reduction rate is between 33.52% and 73.15%, and the smoothness meets the navigation requirements. This method is reasonable and effective in the global path planning process of unmanned vehicle and can provide reference to unmanned vehicles’ autonomous obstacle avoidance decision-making.

This study establishes navigation area boundary for the environment based on the VFA and uses the improved A* algorithm to generate a navigation path that takes into account both safety and economy. This study also proposes a method to solve the redundancy of grid environment path nodes and large-angle steering and to smooth the path to improve the applicability of the proposed global path planning method. The proposed global path planning method solves the requirements of path safety and smoothness.

This paper aims to examine how the law may play a role in mediation by paying special attention to how the law is excluded from and included in the process of court mediation in China.

Hundred model court mediation cases selected by the Supreme People’s Court of China were analysed and reviewed.

The law is relevant in Chinese-style court mediation in four ways: first, judge-mediators are intended to use mediation to avoid resolving legal difficulties or challenges; second, judge-mediators consult the law to anticipate the losing party and the potential negative effects that might result from the adjudication; third, judge-mediators refer to the law to propose a mediation scheme or plan to guide the parties to settle; and fourth, judge-mediators would use the law as a bargaining chip in various ways to induce the parties to settle.

Standards should be set out for the use of law in the mediation process to standardise judge-mediators’ actions, to ensure that the law is not used coercively to push settlement, which would undermine the parties’ self-determination in mediation.

This paper provides an original understanding of how law affects the process, the outcomes and, ultimately, the nature of settlements that parties achieve through court mediation in China. This study contributes to the literature that argues that ethical norms and legal standards should be set to direct those legal evaluations.

Urban parks play a key role in recreational activities, public health, and ecosystem services in urban areas. Using GIS and Fragstats, this study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban parks in Xi'an, China from 1949 to 2015 and the corresponding driving forces. The results show that the number and area of parks in Xi'an increased constantly during this period, especially from 2000 to 2015. Up to 2015, small green spaces, usually adjacent to streets, occupied the largest proportion among all types of parks. Archaeological parks were the largest in total area, but wetland parks were leading in average size of a single park. The density of parks was negatively correlated with their distance to the Clock Tower at the center of Xi'an. The dynamics of urban parks in highly urbanized areas were significantly different from that of their counterparts in suburban areas. Driving forces such as urban planning, urbanization and green space policies, and milestone events in the city's development jointly had a great effect on the distribution of parks in Xi'an. The research outcomes will support the upcoming Green Space Planning of Xi'an and benefit the pursuit of sustainability and human wellbeing.

We performed a bibiometric analysis on urbanization research based on the 3,058 peer-reviewed articles in the SCI and SSCI database from 1984 to 2013. Our analysis revealed document types, scientific outputs, subject categories, major journals and major authors, geographic distribution, highly cited papers and citation networks and temporal trends in keywords burst. Growth of article output has emerged since 1990, and went through two development stages. Environmental sciences, urban studies and ecology came out the most urbanization articles and Landscape and Urban Planning was the most productive journal in urbanization studies. Tothmeresz B was the most prolific author. USA was the most productive country, but Chinese Academy of Sciences was the most high-producing institution. Three streams were identified among the 65 most cited articles in the LCS historiography, and Schueler’s (1994) article has the strongest bursts. A keyword analysis revealed that the “China”, “city” and “globalization” are the research hotspots in the future.

Studies on developed economies showed that imposing taxes on animal-based foods could effectively reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions (AGHGEs), while this taxation may not be appropriate in developing countries due to the complex nutritional status across income classes. Hence, this study aims to explore optimal tax rate levels considering both emission reduction and nutrient intake, and examine the heterogenous effects of taxation across various income classes in urban and rural China.

The authors estimated the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System model to calculate the price elasticities for eight food groups, and performed three simulations to explore the relative optimal tax regions via the relationships between effective animal protein intake loss and AGHGE reduction by taxes.

The results showed that the optimal tax rate bands can be found, depending on the reference levels of animal protein intake. Designing taxes on beef, mutton and pork could be a preliminary option for reducing AGHGEs in China, but subsidy policy should be designed for low-income populations at the same time. Generally, urban residents have more potential to reduce AGHGEs than rural residents, and higher income classes reduce more AGHGEs than lower income classes.

This study fills the gap in the literature by developing the methods to design taxes on animal-based foods from the perspectives of both nutrient intake and emission reduction. This methodology can also be applied to analyze food taxes and GHGE issues in other developing countries.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the actions of different senses on visitors’ embodied experience in dark tourism “field,” including embodied emotions/cognitions.

This research uses qualitative analysis by applying tourists’ reviews from two main Chinese tourism websites and the software of MAXQDA. It identifies the senses applied in the embodiment process in dark tourism “field” and matches these senses to the specific types of embodied emotions/cognitions.

This research identifies four main senses. The visual sense has the greatest influence on 27 embodied emotions and 7 embodied cognitions. Auditory and temperature sense create particular emotions. This research also points out the phenomenon of “banned behavior.” At last, to achieve accessibility/acceptability, Nanjing Memorial Hall applies two strategies to distance the extreme historical events from visitors: the construction of aesthetic elements and the way it shows historical objects.

It uses both qualitative and quantitative data to identify the classifications and degrees of senses, emotions and cognitions as well as the relations between them. However, there are difficulties in the coding process because of the language differences, which requires a good understanding of the context of the tourism experience.

The research results could be used as a psychological reference and in the design of dark tourism product.

It provides a specific understanding of the way in which visitors interact with dark tourism objects and environment.

This is the first research that explains the dark tourism experience from the perspective of embodiment. It provides conceptual as well as empirical reference for a new research topic.

Historic districts are faced with inadequate features protection and landscape destruction in the process of accelerating urban construction, urban design focuses on how places function in addition to how they look, this theory is suitable for the protection of historical districts. At the present stage, the traditional urban design of historical districts has a series of problems, such as uncomprehensive research about characteristics, incomplete workflow and the lack of transformation route from design scheme to implementation, the main reason is that there is a mismatch between the setting goal and planning implementation. Urban design based on “Action planning” has the characteristics of comprehensive research contents, specific implementation plans and complete workflow, it arranges the workflow with four stages, including design preparation, design planning, design implementation and design evaluation, which is a new exploration and attempt to turn traditional blueprint-oriented into action-oriented. Urban design of North Shuncheng Lane Historic Districts in Xi'an city used action planning as a concept and established an framework including “identify development status and problems—construct action target and strategy—determine action projects and specific plans—improve and evaluate the results”, to implement design ideas into practice and to guide the protection of historic districts. Above all, action-oriented planning is considered the key to the development of historic districts.

This study identifies three main CSR motivations (i.e. strategic benefits, altruism and greenwashing) and explores the relationship between CSR motivations and environmental collaboration by considering the mediating role of environmental commitment and the moderating role of team autonomy.

The data collected from 336 respondents in the construction industry, structural equation modeling and bootstrapping were used to test hypotheses.

The findings show that altruistic CSR enhances environmental collaboration through enhancing environmental commitment, whereas greenwashing CSR damages environmental collaboration through reducing environmental commitment. Although there is no direct association between strategic CSR and environmental collaboration, environmental commitment mediates the effects of strategic CSR on environmental collaboration. Moreover, the positive effect of strategic CSR and altruistic CSR on environment commitment is stronger when team autonomy is stronger, whereas the negative effect of greenwashing CSR on environment commitment is weaker when team autonomy is stronger.

The findings contribute to the understanding of how CSR motivations can act as catalysts for collaborative efforts in addressing environmental issues within construction projects and offer theoretical understanding of team autonomy by illustrating its role in shaping organizational responses to CSR motivations. The findings can provide insights into why and how participating teams can collaborate better on environmental management, enriching the knowledge of environmental management practices in construction projects.

Electronic word of mouth in the form of user-generated content (UGC) in social media plays an important role in influencing customer decision-making and enhancing service providers’ brand images, sales and service innovations. While few research studies have explored real content generated by hotel guests in social media, business analytics techniques are still not widely seen in the literature and how such techniques can be deployed to benefit hoteliers has not been fully explored. Thus, this study aims to explore the significant factors that affect hotel guest satisfaction via UGC and business analytics and also to showcase the use of business analytics tools for both the hospitality industry and the academic world.

This study uses big data and business analytics techniques. Big data and business analytics enable hoteliers to develop effective and efficient strategies improving products and services for guest satisfaction. Therefore, this study analyzes 200,431 hotel reviews on Tripadvisor.com through business analytics to explore and assess the significant factors affecting guest satisfaction.

The findings show that service, room and value evaluations are the top-three factors affecting overall guests’ satisfaction. While brand type and negative emotions are negatively associated with guests’ satisfaction, all other factors considered were positively associated with guests’ satisfaction.

The current study serves as a great starting point to further explore the relationship between specific evaluation factors and guests’ overall satisfaction by analyzing user-generated online reviews through business analytics so as to assist hoteliers to resolve performance-related problems by analyzing service gaps that exist in these influential factors.

以消费者评论为主体的社交网络口碑营销对于影响消费者决策和提高服务提供商的品牌形象、销量、和服务创新起到重要作用。然而, 很少研究探索社交媒体上的真正酒店客人评论。因此, 商务分析技术在文献中还是很少使用的, 这种技术应该更多得到科研上的应用以给酒店从业人员给与启示。因此, 本论文旨在探究影响酒店顾客满意度的因素, 通过消费者评论和商务分析, 以展示商务分析技术是如何为酒店业和科研界来使用的。

本论文使用大数据和商务分析技术来进行数据分析。大数据和商务分析能够为酒店从业人员开发有效战略以提高产品和服务质量, 最后达到顾客满意。因此, 本论文分析了Tripadvisor.com的200, 431酒店评论数, 通过商务分析技术, 以探索和审视影响顾客满意度的重要因素。

研究结果显示服务、客房、和价值比成为影响顾客满意度的前三项因素。品牌类型和负面情绪是影响顾客满意度的负面因素。其他因素成为影响顾客满意度的正面因素。

本论文是利用消费者评论的商务分析来探究影响顾客满意度与具体衡量因素之间关系的起点范例, 以此, 帮助酒店从业商来解决服务中的欠缺因素, 提高绩效。